How does the main responsibility of elevator safety divide? How to rectify the old elevator?

How does the main responsibility of elevator safety divide? How to rectify the old elevator?

A few days ago, the state office issued the opinions on strengthening the quality and safety of elevators, which clarified the main responsibility of elevator safety in the development, manufacture, use and maintenance of elevators. For the rectification of the old residential elevators, it is required that the local government should have a clear channel for capital extraction and a clear mechanism for capital extraction. In addition, a new mode of "Internet of things + maintenance" and "insurance + service" is proposed to promote humanization, scientization and informatization of elevator maintenance.

The elevator is "the first step out, the last step home." It is conservatively estimated that 1.5 billion people take the elevator every day, which has become an indispensable vertical transportation tool in People's Daily life. At the same time, China is also a big country in the production and use of elevators. The number of elevators is the first in the world in terms of quantity, annual output and annual increment. In 2017, China's elevator production capacity and new growth were respectively 780,000 and 680,000, accounting for about 75% and 65% of the world's total.

A few days ago, the state office issued the opinions on strengthening the quality and safety of elevators. In view of the old residential elevator hidden trouble, part of the maintenance of jerry-cut and other issues, "opinions" to give what countermeasures? In this regard, the reporter interviewed the special equipment bureau of the general administration of quality supervision, inspection and quarantine.

Ask each side main body responsibility how cent

Reporter: elevator safety involves many links, many subjects, how to define the responsibilities of each subject in case of mutual prevarication?

, head of the special equipment quality supervision, inspection and quarantine bureau (hereinafter referred to as the head) : the elevator safety involved in housing development and construction, equipment manufacturing, installation, use and management, daily maintenance, and other links, involved in building construction unit, unit of production units of the elevator, elevator property right (or joint property rights), using the management unit, maintenance, and other principals. At present, the responsibility of all parties is unclear, and the responsibility of security subject is not effectively implemented. In this regard, the opinion further clarifies the quality and safety responsibility of relevant subjects to promote the implementation of the subject responsibility.

In the process of housing construction, some housing development and construction units have reduced the number of elevators, reduced the number of passengers, reduced the selection and configuration of elevators, and neglected the quality of elevators. In this regard, the opinion emphasizes that the building construction unit should be responsible for the installation and civil construction quality of attached facilities such as elevator shafts, bottom pits and machine rooms, etc., and ensure that the selection and configuration of elevators conform to relevant regulations and meet the needs of passengers.

In the process of manufacturing and installation, in view of the behavior of some elevator production enterprises to reduce product quality and seize market, the opinion stipulates that elevator production enterprises shall not only be responsible for the quality of elevator manufacturing and installation, but also shall do a good job of tracking and monitoring of elevators in use and provide technical services for the management units.

In the use link, according to the law, the owner of the elevator shall be responsible for the use and management of the elevator. However, the residential elevator is commonly Shared by multiple owners, and the owner then entrusts the property management company to manage the elevator. In this way, the property company assumes the responsibility of the use and management of the elevator.

In the actual work, due to the difficulties of the property management committee to implement effective supervision of the property, some property companies to the elevator investment fund is insufficient, the system is not perfect, the management is not in place, resulting in accelerated aging of the elevator, disease operation and other phenomena. In particular, some property companies "take charge of the maintenance services", mistakenly believe that to contract maintenance business to maintenance units, they do not need to fulfill their management responsibility. To this, "opinion" emphasizes the owners or their authorized manager shall safeguard the elevator elevator use safety, to establish a safety management system, equipped with the relevant management personnel, keep daily inspection of the elevator, supervise maintenance work, completes the duty, passengers stranded ladder to appease in time, timely notify the maintenance unit of rescue, etc.

In maintenance, in view of the present level of elevator maintenance enterprise scale is uneven, there are some maintenance problems such as low price competition, to cut corners, become a mere formality, "opinion" emphasizes the maintenance unit to ensure the maintenance of elevator safety performance, on the one hand to do daily maintenance, also, to do a good job of emergency rescue, after get the information such as the elevator tiring, quickly arrived at the scene rescue.

How does the old elevator correct

Reporter: old and old house elevator hidden danger is much, rectification fund is difficult raise, how to do?

About person in charge: by the end of 2017, about 300,000 elevators had been in use in China for more than 15 years, accounting for 5% of all elevators in use. As time goes on, the aging problems of the elevator will also emerge. Special spot check found that the use of more than 15 years old lift failure significantly increased, and may even cause accidents, to overhaul, transform, and update it, especially necessary.

However, the old residential lift rectification, where the money from is difficult. Special maintenance funds extraction is difficult on the one hand, while convenient to extract residential special maintenance funds for the renewal and transformation of the elevator repair and opinions have been introduced, but the lack of concrete operating procedures, the lack of effective supervision of funds, owners worry that property maintenance show the special repair funds, the use of elevator reconstruction cost is still relatively difficult; On the other hand, many old houses, especially the early post-sale public housing, housing renovation, resettlement houses and other houses lack maintenance funds, the general economic capacity of households is weak, the household financing is more difficult, financing problems difficult to solve.

The guideline requires local governments to formulate policies on the renovation and renovation of elevators according to local conditions. First, it is necessary to open the channels for extracting maintenance funds and introduce specific and feasible operating procedures, which should not only facilitate the extraction of maintenance funds and clarify the procedures for the emergency use of maintenance funds, but also establish an effective regulatory mechanism to prevent maliciously obtaining special overhaul funds and dispel the fear of owners. The second is to clarify the financing mechanism in the case of lack of maintenance funds and solve the problems of the lack of maintenance funds and the difficulty of elevator renovation. For example, in some places, before some maintenance funds are set up, houses without maintenance funds are included in "practical projects for the people". The policy of household investment and government subsidy is adopted to solve the elevator renovation funds.

What's new about the maintenance puzzle

Reporter: the opinion proposes new modes such as "Internet of things + maintenance". What are the changes compared with the existing modes? What did you make up?

About person in charge: the current regulation of safety supervision of special equipment stipulates that "elevators should be cleaned, lubricated, adjusted and checked at least every 15 days." The purpose of this regulation is to ensure that the elevator can get the most basic maintenance, but it is difficult to adapt to different quality levels and different use environment of the elevator. For example, elevators in bus hubs such as the metro require shorter maintenance cycle for high-load, large-volume and long-cycle service conditions, while for special elevators with low passenger density, maintenance cycle can be longer. Therefore, it is the direction of scientific development of maintenance work to monitor the elevator real-time status and implement targeted "on-demand maintenance".

"Internet of things + maintenance" is a kind of predictive maintenance. With the help of Internet of things, the operating parameters and risk status of the elevator are accurately understood, and then maintenance is conducted according to the risk status. The on-demand maintenance mode of "Internet of things + maintenance" has been piloted in nanjing, ningbo and other places. By means of elevator remote monitoring technology, the on-demand maintenance mode of Internet of things online inspection and maintenance combined with on-site maintenance has been piloted, making the elevator maintenance industry more and more humanized and scientific.

Reporter: what changes can the elevator liability insurance bring to the maintenance industry? What are the advantages of the new "insurance + service" model?

Relevant person in charge: liability insurance is an important means of risk management under the condition of market economy. At present, more than 10 provincial quality supervision departments have jointly formulated the implementation plan of local elevator liability insurance, among which, the most elevators in guangdong have an insured rate of 80%, and many elevator accidents have been timely paid by insurance, effectively saving the injured passengers.

Some insurance orgnaization rolled out "insurance + service" new mode, main practice is property company, maintain a unit, insurance orgnaization signs tripartite contract, by insurance orgnaization unified tender chooses scale, standardization maintain a unit to undertake maintain a task, pay maintain insurance cost according to maintain quality to use. The insurance institution has developed an information-based maintenance monitoring system. The maintenance personnel carry out maintenance through the mobile APP, making the maintenance process more open and transparent and preventing the maintenance personnel from cutting corners. At the same time, the maintenance information will be published to the owners in a timely manner. The public can learn about the maintenance work of the elevator by scanning the qr code. At present, the mode of "insurance + service" has been carried out in ningbo, hangzhou, fuzhou, tianjin and other regions, with more than 1000 elevators insured.

The participation of insurance institutions, on the one hand, can promote maintenance quality. According to the situation of the first batch of 12 residential districts and 537 residential elevators in ningbo, the completion rate of maintenance plan reached 100%, and the average maintenance time was extended from 35 minutes to 60 minutes, reaching "timely maintenance and complete maintenance". On the other hand, it helps to reduce social costs. The mode of "insurance + service" increases the maintenance concentration, and reduces the total cost of maintenance through scale effect. After maintenance is in place, the elevator overhaul and renovation period is extended and the total cost of elevator use is reduced.

And, more importantly, "insurance + service" the safety of the new model more outstanding elevator use management main body responsibility, strengthen ties elevator passengers and use the civil liability of the management, fully using the market mechanism, realize the elevator safety from mainly relying on administrative supervision comprehensive change to the society, promote the formation of social work mechanism.